What is Hyperthyroidism?

We all might have heard of the term called hyperthyroidism or overactive thyroid. But not many of us are aware about what is it about. It is a condition characterized by production of excess of thyroid hormone. Thyroid is a pituitary gland located in the lower part of the neck. The main function this gland is to produce hormones which help in converting food into energy in the body. When this gland starts producing thyroid hormones more than the required limit, then that condition is that of overactive thyroid. This condition can be diagnosed with various symptoms and tests available. It is curable with the help of various treatments available.

Description

Thyroid is an important gland in front of the neck. It is regulated by another part in the brain namely pituitary. Pituitary is in turn functions with the help of the hormones secreted by the thyroid gland. The rate of production of thyroid hormone is regulated by the pituitary gland only. Hyperthyroidism occurs when the thyroid starts producing thyroid hormones in excess. There are two important hormones called triiodothyronine and thyroxine. This condition affects the metabolism of the body along with various other problems. Since the function of thyroid hormones is converting food into energy, too much of them imbalances the metabolism.

How can you know it is hyperthyroidism?

There are certain signs which enable us to know about overactive thyroid and help in seeking help for the same. Due to excess production of thyroid hormones, the body tends to sweat and become weak, the person may face mood swings like nervousness, heart rate goes beyond the normal level, the person faces breathing problems, the skin tends to become red and itchy, there may be loss of hair and weight, etc. If you notice any of the above symptoms, it is advisable to consult a specialist for proper diagnosis.

Hyperthyroidism : Diagnosis and Treatment

Diagnosis is the step that comes after the recognition of symptoms. In diagnosis, the patient goes to the doctor to know the reason behind the symptoms noticed. The doctor will ask the patient to give health history and will perform the required physical tests. Blood test is done to know the level of thyroid hormone in the blood. Once proper diagnosis is done, then the treatment can be started depending upon the severity of the condition. There are anti-thyroid medicines available which can be prescribed. Besides that, there are other two procedures called radioactive iodine and surgery which removes the thyroid and ultimately stops the production of thyroid hormone. In this case, the patient will have to take thyroid hormone medicine which will help in replacing the hormone in the body.