Hyperglicemia Diet

As you know, diabetes is a disease characterized by a relative or total failure of insulin (the hormone secreted by the pancreas), which makes glucose from bread, pasta, sweets and other foods difficult to be burned in the tissues in the required energy amount needs of the body. As a result, glucose increases in the blood and (hyperglycemia). At over 1.80 g ‰ glucose, glucose appears in the urine (glycosuria), which is not normal.

The presence of glucose in urine shows that the blood sugar level is too high. Despite this increase of the blood sugar, the tissues are deprived of glucose and as a natural reaction, the body tries to obtain it from the fats and proteins in food (meat, cheese, milk , eggs) or from the proteins and fats in their own tissues. This explains a diabetic’s weight loss and tiredness, although he eats a lot of food. The fact that a diabetic person continues to eat without measure will only cause a more serious imbalance. Glucose blood level increases and more of it is eliminated through urine. Once the glucose is excreted through urine and salt together with it, dehydration may appear.

Hyperglicemia diet plan

Diabetes treatment consists first of all of a diet with low carbohydrate and fixed quantity. The amount of carbohydrates is determined by the physician and varies between 120 and 200 g/day (as opposed to 300-350 grams – the usual daily intake for an non-diabetic adult). Restriction made will compensate caloric carbohydrates with other food containing no carbohydrates (protein, fat, vegetables), so the patient can eat enough to be satisfied. Diet in diabetes is divided into 2 groups of food, as follows:

1. Foods containing carbohydrates that should not be calculated and weighed daily must weight

• Meat: cow, calf poultry, lamb, pork, bacon, trotters, sausages, canned meat (300 g)
• Fish: Fresh or canned
• Cheese: cottage cheese, Swiss cheese (200-300 g)
• Eggs: Fresh (1/day)
• Fats: butter, oil, margarine, lard (60-100 g)
• Cream: Fresh (50-150 g)
• Nuts: (4-5 pieces)
• Drinks: tea, coffee, mineral water, white wine, brandy or cognac, but in moderatio , abuse is harmful to diabetics.
• Vegetables: tomatoes, eggplant, spinach, mushrooms, peppers, cabbage, okra, red cabbage, cauliflower, cucumbers, zucchini, green beans, radishes, endive, sorrel, dandelion, pilework, lettuce (800 – 1.000 g)

2. Foods containing carbohydrates that shall be calculated and weighed daily

• Fresh fruits: strawberries, raspberries, gooseberries, blackberries, peaches, apples, spring cherries, apricots, oranges (with peel), quince, prunes not too sweet (containing 10% carbohydrate).
• Dairy: cheese, yogurt (containing 4% carbohydrate)
• Noodles: pasta, potatoes, rice (containing 20% carbohydrates)
• Bread: fresh, regardless of quality (contains 50 % carbohydrates)

200 g carbohydrate diet example

The following foods shall be weighed daily:

– 300 g fruit
– 500 g milk (yogurt or cottage cheese)
– 250 g potatoes (cooked pasta or cooked rice meal)
– 200 g bread

Foods containing carbohydrates allowed in diabetes can replace each other (in equivalent amounts). Thus, 20 g bread = 250 g milk (yogurt or cottage cheese ) = 50 g potatoes (one tablespoon) = 50 g boiled rice or cooked pasta = 50 g = 100 g allowed fruits = 100 g carrots. The weight of pasta and rice meal is counted after boiling.

Forbidden foods in diabetes

– Pasta, biscuits
– Dried vegetables
– Chestnuts, grapes, prunes, pears
– Sugar, chocolate, honey, candy cookies, jam, ice cream
– Beer, sweet wine, syrups, liqueurs